Name: Anti-Human CD3 (Muromonab Biosimilar)
Brand: InnoCyto
SKU: 503901
Price: 250 USD
Availability: InStock

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Anti-Human CD3 (Muromonab Biosimilar)

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Cat #	Size	Price
503901	1 mg	$250
503902	5 mg	$600
503903	20 mg	$1800

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Product Details

Clone	Muromonab
Application	Flow cytometry, animal model study
Host Species	Mammalian cells
Reactivity	Human
Format	Liquid
Product Description	Muromonab Biosimilar, CD3 Monoclonal Antibody
Isotype	Human IgG2
Regulatory Status	RUO
Clonality	Recombinant
Immunogen	Human CD3
Species specificity	Human
Purity	>95% by reducing SDS-PAGE
Grade	In vivo
Storage Conditions	4ºC
Maximal Shelf Life	12 months
Synonyms	CD3e, CD3 epsilon
RRID	AB_3739315
Target Name	CD3, T3, CD3ε
Antibody Type	Recombinant
Research Areas	T cells, T cell Activation, Adaptive Immunity
See All Formats	Clone Muromonab

Background Information

Muromonab, also known as OKT3, is a murine-derived monoclonal antibody belonging to the immunoglobulin G2a (IgG2a) subclass. It was the first monoclonal antibody developed to specifically target the human CD3 epsilon (CD3ε) subunit—a component of the T-cell receptor (TCR)–CD3 complex located on the surface of T lymphocytes. Structurally, Muromonab is a full-length IgG molecule with a molecular weight of approximately 150 kilodaltons (kDa). It is composed of two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains, linked by interchain disulfide bonds, forming the typical Y-shaped configuration characteristic of immunoglobulins. Each heavy chain contains variable (VH) and constant (CH) domains, while each light chain includes variable (VL) and constant (CL) domains. The molecule is produced by hybridoma technology using murine B-lymphocytes fused with myeloma cells, ensuring high-yield monoclonal antibody production.

The antigen-binding regions of Muromonab are located within the complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) of its VH and VL domains. These CDR loops form the antibody’s paratope, which engages the CD3ε epitope through a network of hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions with nanomolar affinity. The CD3ε subunit plays a critical role in signal transduction following T-cell receptor engagement with peptide–major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. By binding to CD3, Muromonab perturbs TCR–CD3 complex organization, blocking antigen recognition and interrupting downstream signaling cascades involving phosphorylation of ITAMs (immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs) and activation of intracellular kinases such as Lck and ZAP-70. This interference leads to functional modulation of T-cell activation in experimental systems.

The Fc (fragment crystallizable) region of the IgG2a isotype confers structural stability and can engage Fc gamma receptors (FcγRs), allowing potential secondary immune effects such as antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Overall, Muromonab exemplifies early monoclonal antibody engineering, integrating murine epitope specificity with well-defined IgG architecture to probe receptor-mediated signaling and immune cell regulation mechanisms in molecular immunology research.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are InnoCyto Biosimilar products?

InnoCyto biosimilars are research-grade recombinant antibodies or proteins engineered to closely replicate the sequence, structure, and target-binding activity of approved or well-characterized therapeutic antibodies (e.g., checkpoint inhibitors, anti-cytokine biologics). They are intended for research use to study the mechanism of action, efficacy, and combination potential of these therapeutic classes without the cost or access restrictions of clinical-grade material.

How similar are these biosimilars to the original therapeutic antibody?

Each biosimilar is produced using the published or inferred variable region sequence of the reference therapeutic and is expressed recombinantly to match the parent antibody's target specificity, isotype, and general binding profile. While designed for high functional similarity, InnoCyto biosimilars are for research use only and are not clinically validated equivalents of the approved drug product.

Are these antibodies suitable for in vivo studies?

Yes. InnoCyto biosimilars are manufactured with the same low-endotoxin, azide-free, carrier-free standards used across our in vivo product lines, making them suitable for animal efficacy, combination, and mechanism-of-action studies. Product pages indicate whether a given biosimilar is validated for in vivo use, in vitro use, or both.

What is the difference between a biosimilar and a recombinant "research antibody" targeting the same protein?

A biosimilar is specifically designed to mimic a known, named therapeutic antibody (matching its clinical target epitope and mechanism), whereas a general recombinant research antibody may target the same protein but bind a different epitope or lack the same functional properties. Biosimilars are the right choice when your study is benchmarking against, or modeling the action of, an approved or clinically studied biologic.

What quality and purity standards do biosimilar antibodies meet?

All biosimilars undergo the same rigorous QC pipeline as our other antibody lines: ≥95% purity by SDS-PAGE/SEC-HPLC, low-endotoxin testing via LAL assay, and binding/functional validation against the intended target. Certificates of Analysis (CoA) are provided per lot with full specifications.

Which therapeutic targets and mechanisms are covered in the Biosimilar line?

The line spans major immuno-oncology and immunology targets, including immune checkpoint pathways (e.g., PD-1/PD-L1, CTLA-4), cytokine and cytokine-receptor blockers, and other clinically relevant mechanisms. See each product page for the specific reference therapeutic and mechanism of action represented.

Have a product or application question? Consult our FAQs or contact us.

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