Name: In Vivo Star Anti-Mouse CD274 (PD-L1) Antibody
Brand: InnoCyto
SKU: 507801
Price: 160 USD
Availability: InStock

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In Vivo Star Anti-Mouse CD274 (PD-L1) Antibody

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Cat #	Size	Price
507801	1 mg	$160
507802	5 mg	$400
507803	25 mg	$1100

Bulk/Custom

Product Details

Clone	10F.9G2
Application	ELISA, WB, Flow cytometry, IHC, ICC, animal model study
Host Species	CHO cells
Reactivity	Mouse
Format	Liquid
Target Name	PD-L1, PDL1 CD274, B7-H1
Product Description	In Vivo Grade Recombinant Anti-mouse PD-L1 Monoclonal Antibody
Isotype	Rat IgG2b Kappa
Antibody Type	Recombinant
Regulatory Status	RUO
Purity	>95% by reducing SDS-PAGE
Endotoxin	< 1 EU per 1 mg of the protein by the LAL method.
Storage Conditions	4ºC
Grade	In vivo
Recommended Usage	This product is suitable for in vivo animal use. Optimal amounts need to be determined empirically for each experiment.
RRID	AB_3739352
Research Areas	Activated T cells, Activated B cells, Monocytes, Macrophages, Dendritic cells, NK cells, Immune Checkpoints, Cancer Immunology
See All Formats	Clone 10F.9G2

Background Information

Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), also known as CD274 or B7-H1, is a transmembrane protein that plays a pivotal role in immune regulation by modulating T cell activity. PD-L1 is expressed on a wide range of cells, including antigen-presenting cells, epithelial cells, and many tumor cells. Its primary function is to bind to its receptor, programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), located on activated T cells. This interaction delivers an inhibitory signal that reduces T cell proliferation, cytokine production, and cytotoxicity, thereby maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing autoimmunity. However, in pathological contexts such as cancer, PD-L1 expression allows tumor cells to evade immune attack, creating an immunosuppressive microenvironment.

Structurally, PD-L1 is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the B7 family of immune checkpoint molecules. The extracellular domain comprises two immunoglobulin-like regions—an IgV-like domain responsible for PD-1 binding and an IgC-like domain that stabilizes the molecule. The protein also contains a single transmembrane helix and a short cytoplasmic tail that lacks classical signaling motifs but may interact with intracellular partners influencing its stability and localization. The PD-L1–PD-1 complex adopts a well-characterized interface where the IgV domains of both molecules interact in a way that blocks T cell receptor-mediated activation signaling.

The main ligands of PD-L1 are PD-1 and CD80 (B7-1). While PD-1 engagement results in T cell inhibition, interaction with CD80 may yield bidirectional signaling effects depending on the cellular context. PD-L1 can be induced by inflammatory cytokines such as interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), linking innate immune responses to immune checkpoint modulation.

PD-L1 plays a major role in numerous diseases. Overexpression of PD-L1 is a hallmark of many cancers, including lung, melanoma, renal, and breast cancers, where it contributes to immune escape. Therapeutically, blocking the PD-1/PD-L1 axis with immune checkpoint inhibitors has revolutionized cancer treatment. Drugs such as pembrolizumab, nivolumab, and atezolizumab disrupt this inhibitory pathway, restoring antitumor T cell function. Moreover, PD-L1 is being explored as both a predictive biomarker for immunotherapy response and a target for novel therapies, including bispecific antibodies and CAR-T cells aimed at enhancing immune-mediated tumor clearance.

Frequently Asked Questions

What are In Vivo Star Biofunctional Antibodies?

In Vivo Star antibodies are premium-grade monoclonal antibodies purified and formulated specifically for use in animal studies. Each lot is manufactured under stringent quality controls to ensure the low endotoxin levels, high purity, and functional activity required for reliable in vivo results.

How are these antibodies different from standard research antibodies (e.g., for Western blot or flow cytometry)?

Standard research antibodies are optimized for in vitro detection assays and may contain preservatives, carrier proteins (like BSA), or higher endotoxin levels unsuitable for injection. In Vivo Star antibodies are formulated in injectable-grade, azide-free, low-endotoxin buffers and validated for functional bioactivity in living systems rather than just antigen binding.

What endotoxin and purity specifications do these antibodies meet?

All In Vivo Star antibodies are tested and certified to meet low-endotoxin thresholds (typically <1 EU/mg, lot-dependent) using the LAL (Limulus Amebocyte Lysate) assay, and are purified to ≥95% purity by SEC-HPLC or SDS-PAGE. Exact specifications are provided on the Certificate of Analysis (CoA) for each lot.

Are these antibodies azide-free and carrier-free?

All In Vivo Star antibodies are formulated without sodium azide and without carrier proteins such as BSA or gelatin, since both can interfere with animal physiology or immune readouts during in vivo studies.

Do you provide isotype controls?

Matched isotype control antibodies (same host species, isotype, and formulation) are available upon request for most clones to support proper experimental controls.

How should In Vivo Star antibodies be stored and handled?

Store at 4°C for short-term use and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles, which can reduce bioactivity; aliquoting is recommended for long-term storage per the product-specific storage instructions on the Certificate of Analysis. Always confirm storage conditions and expiration on the CoA that accompanies each lot, as these can vary slightly by antibody.

Have a product or application question? Consult our FAQs or contact us.

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